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Foundational Korean: Grammar Basics Course Glossary

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Foundational Korean: Grammar Basics


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N

Native Korean Words

(Last edited: Friday, 8 July 2022, 11:01 AM)
Native Korean Words

Definition

These are the indigenous words of the language that are completely unique to Korean. They do not come from outside. Many of these words, such as food words, have been "borrowed" by other langauges like 김치 or 김밥.


Neologisms

(Last edited: Thursday, 7 July 2022, 11:10 AM)
Neologisms

Definition

Neologisms are newly form words that may or may not be widespread in a language at any given time. You will likely not find these words in dictionaries as they tend to be on the cutting edge of language use and not uniformly across different groups of speakers. 


Neologisms (신조어)

(Last edited: Tuesday, 12 July 2022, 12:55 PM)
Neologisms

Definition

Neologisms are new words created in a language that may or may not become widespread and commonly used.


Noun (명사)

(Last edited: Thursday, 7 July 2022, 11:11 AM)
Noun

Definition

A noun is a word that generally functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.


P

Particles (조사)

(Last edited: Thursday, 7 July 2022, 11:14 AM)
Particle

Definition

In grammar, the term particle has a traditional meaning, as a part of speech that cannot be inflected, and a modern meaning, as a function word associated with another word or phrase; generally in order to impart meaning. In Korean, you will these as 이/가, 은/는, 을/를, 한테/한테서, 에게/에세서, etc.


Polysynthetic Languages

(Last edited: Thursday, 7 July 2022, 11:17 AM)
Polysynthetic languages,

Definition

Polysynthetic languages are highly synthetic languages, where words are composed of many morphemes (word parts that have independent meaning but may or may not be able to stand alone). They are very highly inflected languages. Many examples of polsynthetic languages are found among Indigenous languages in North America such as Navajo, Cree, Nahuatl, 


Predicate

(Last edited: Thursday, 7 July 2022, 11:19 AM)
Predicate

Definition

The term predicate is used in one of two ways in linguistics and its subfields. The first defines a predicate as everything in a standard declarative sentence except the subject, and the other views it as just the main content verb and evertying that comes after.


Prefix

(Last edited: Thursday, 7 July 2022, 11:21 AM)
Prefix

Definition

A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Adding it to the beginning of one word changes it into another word. For example, when the prefix un- is added to the word happy, it creates the word unhappy. Korean has many prefixes such 불 meaning "no" or "not".


R

Root

(Last edited: Thursday, 7 July 2022, 11:22 AM)
Root

Definition

A root is the core of a word that is irreducible into more meaningful elements. In morphology, a root is a morphologically simple unit which can be left bare or to which a prefix or a suffix can attach


S

Sino Korean Words

(Last edited: Friday, 8 July 2022, 11:05 AM)
Sino Korean Words

Definition

Sino Korean words are the words in Korean that actually come from Chinese. This makes up a disproportionate amount of the vocabulary (some 70%). This is not uncommon as English has about 70% of its lexicon originating from French, Latin, and Greek.



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